[VanRuth2008]
Van Ruth, SM., A. Koot, W. Akkermans, N. Araghipour, M. Rozijn, M. Baltussen, A. Wisthaler, TD. Märk, and R. Frankhuizen,
"Butter and butter oil classification by PTR-MS",
European Food Research and Technology, vol. 227, no. 1: Springer, pp. 307–317, 2008.
Link:
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00217-007-0724-7
The potential of proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) as a tool for classification of milk fats was evaluated in relation to quality and authentication issues. Butters and butter oils were subjected to heat and off-flavouring treatments in order to create sensorially defective samples. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by means of PTR-MS analysis, sensory analysis and classical chemical analysis. Subsequently, partial least square-discriminant analysis models (PLS-DA) were fitted to predict the matrix (butter/butter oil) and the sensory grades of the samples from their PTR-MS data. Using a 10-fold cross-validation scheme, 84% of the samples were successfully classified into butter and butter oil classes. Regarding sensory quality, 89% of the samples were correctly classified. As the milk fats were fairly successfully classified by the combination of PTR-MS and PLS-DA, this combination seems a promising approach with potential applications in quality control and control of regulations.